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An off-grid system generates and stores electricity independently of the grid — ideal for autonomous energy supply with PV and storage in remote locations.
An off-grid system (also called a stand-alone system) is a self-sufficient energy system that operates independently of the public electricity grid. It supplies households, businesses, or technical infrastructure directly on-site with self-generated electricity — typically combining a PV system, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and optionally a backup generator.
Instead of drawing electricity from the public grid, the off-grid system generates power locally, usually through a photovoltaic system.
A Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) stores excess electricity and provides energy during periods without solar generation. An inverter converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) so that the electricity can be used by standard electrical devices.
In many systems, a backup generator (e.g. diesel) is integrated to ensure supply during extended periods of low renewable generation.
An Energy Management System (EMS) coordinates generation, storage, and consumption to maintain a stable and efficient energy supply.
• Supplying remote locations without grid access (e.g. mountain huts, remote facilities, construction sites)
• Mobile energy systems (e.g. tiny houses, boats, motorhomes)
• Businesses intentionally operating independently from the public grid
• Safety-critical infrastructure requiring full energy independence
• Temporary or transitional energy supply in developing regions or crisis areas
• Self-sufficiency level: share of electricity demand covered by local generation (100% in off-grid systems)
• Storage capacity (kWh): determines how long the system can supply energy without generation
• PV capacity (kWp): defines the potential electricity production
• Backup power (e.g. generator): reserve capacity for reliability
• Consumption profile: key factor for system sizing and design
Off-grid systems provide complete independence from the public electricity grid through on-site generation, storage, and intelligent energy management.
They enable reliable and sustainable energy supply even in remote or unstable locations and are increasingly important for resilient and climate-friendly energy solutions, especially when combined with photovoltaics and battery storage.
